GEORGE BOOLE (1815–1864)

George Boole, the son of a cobbler, was born in Lincoln, England, in November 1815. Because of his family’s difficult financial situation, Boole struggled to educate himself while supporting his family. Nevertheless, he became one of the most important mathematicians of the 1800s. Although he considered a career as a clergyman, he decided instead to go into teaching, and soon afterward opened a school of his own. In his preparation for teaching mathematics, Boole—unsatisfied with textbooks of his day— decided to read the works of the great mathematicians. While reading papers of the great French mathematician Lagrange, Boole made discoveries in the calculus of variations, the branch of analysis dealing with finding curves and surfaces by optimizing certain parameters.

In 1848 Boole published The Mathematical Analysis of Logic, the first of his contributions to symbolic logic. In 1849 he was appointed professor of mathematics at Queen’s Collegein Cork, Ireland. In 1854 he published The Laws of Thought, his most famous work. In this book, Boole introduced what is now called Boolean algebra in his honor. Boole wrote textbooks on differential equations and on difference equations that were used in Great Britain until the end of the nineteenth century. Boole married in 1855; his wife was the niece of the professor of Greek at Queen’s College. In 1864 Boole died from pneumonia, which he contracted as a result of keeping a lecture engagement even though he was soaking wet from a rainstorm.

ARISTOTLE (384b.c.e.–322b.c.e.)

Aristotle was born in Stagirus (Stagira) in northern Greece. His father was the personal physician of the King of Macedonia. Because his father died when Aristotle was young, Aristotle could not follow the custom of following his father’s profession. Aristotle became an orphan at a young age when his mother also died. His guardian who raised him taught him poetry, rhetoric, and Greek.

At the age of 17, his guardian sent him to Athens to further his education. Aristotle joined Plato’s Academy, where for 20 years he attended Plato’s lectures, later presenting his own lectures on rhetoric. When Plato died in 347 B.C.E., Aristotle was not chosen to succeed him because his views differed too much from those of Plato. Instead, Aristotle joined the court of King Hermeas where he remained for three years, and married the niece of the King. When the Persians defeated Hermeas, Aristotle moved to Mytilene and, at the invitation of King Philip of Macedonia, he tutored Alexander, Philip’s son, who later becameAlexander the Great. Aristotle tutored Alexander for five years and after the death of King Philip, he returned to Athens and set up his own school, called the Lyceum. Aristotle’s followers were called the peripatetics, which means “to walk about,” because Aristotle often walked around as he discussed philosophical questions. Aristotle taught at the Lyceum for 13 years where he lectured to his advanced students in the morning and gave popular lectures to a broad audience in the evening. When Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C.E., a backlash against anything related to Alexander led to trumped-up charges of impiety against Aristotle. Aristotle fled to Chalcis to avoid prosecution. He only lived one year in Chalcis, dying of a stomach ailment in 322 B.C.E. Aristotle wrote three types of works: those written for a popular audience, compilations of scientific facts, and systematic treatises. The systematic treatises included works on logic, philosophy, psychology, physics, and natural history. Aristotle’s writings were preserved by a student and were hidden in a vault where a wealthy book collector discovered them about 200 years later. They were taken to Rome, where they were studied by scholars and issued in new editions, preserving them for posterity.

Cell Theory Scientists

Robert Hooke 
Robert Hooke (1635-1705). The first person to see a cell was Robert Hooke. He used a very primitive microscope, but when he was looking at cork cells under the microscope, he saw cells for the first time. The shape of the cells reminded him of the monk monasteries and so he nicknamed them "cells".

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek 
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723). The first person to see living cells was Anton Leeuwenhoek, a microscope builder. Leeuwenhoek was the first person to observe single celled animals (protozoa) with a microscope. He was also the first person, using a microscope, to observe clearly and to describe red blood cells in humans and other animals as well as sperm cells. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek also improved magnification of microscope by polishing lenses in 1674 and he discovered bacteria from a sample of saliva from his mouth in 1683.

Matthias Schleiden 
Matthias Schleiden (1804-1881) was a co-founder of the cell theory. Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plant tissues are composed of cells and that an embryonic plant arose from a single cell. He declared that the cell is the basic building block of all plant matter. He stated that the different parts of the plant organism are composed of cells.

Rudolph Virchow
Rudolph Virchow (1821-1902) is credited with many important discoveries. His most widely known scientific contribution is his cell theory. He was the first to recognize leukemia cells, and that all cells came from pre-existing cells. He also stated that not all plants are made up of cells, which eventually lead to the creation of the cell theory. He also stated that all living things came from other living things.

Theodore Schwann
Theodore Schwann (1810-1882) discovered that animals were made up of cells. Schwann's theory and observations became the foundations of modern histology. Later, Matthias Schleiden and Theodore Schwann declared that "All living things are composed of cells and cell products". This became the cell theory.  

 

Nikola Tesla

“If you want to find the secrets of the universe, think in terms of energy, frequency and vibration.” 


Nikola Tesla was a Serbian American inventor, electrical engineer. mechanical engineer, and futurist best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current electricity supply system.

1. Born: July 10, 1856, Smiljan, Croatia
2. Died: January 7, 1943,

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“The scientists of today think deeply instead of clearly. One must be sane to think clearly, but one can think deeply and be quite insane.” 


In 1888, Nikola Tesla built his first induction motor, which is the type of motor used in many domestic machines and appliances. He also invented a type of transformer, the Tesla coil, which produces enormous voltages and is used in radio technology.

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"When a coil is operated with currents of very high frequency, beautiful brush effects may be produced, even if the coil be of comparatively small dimensions. The experimenter may vary them in many ways, and, if it were nothing else, they afford a pleasing sight."

Tesla Coils images & videos here

   “The day science begins to study non-physical phenomena, it will make more progress in one decade than in all the previous centuries of its existence.” 

“One must be sane to think clearly, but one can think deeply and be quite insane.” 

            ~Nikola Tesla



“Our virtues and our failings are inseparable, like force and matter. When they separate, man is no more”


“I do not think there is any thrill that can go through the human heart like that felt by the inventor as he sees some creation of the brain unfolding to success . . . Such emotions make a man forget food, sleep, friends, love, everything.”
― Nikola Tesla

“Be alone, that is the secret of invention; be alone, that is when ideas are born.” 


  “Everyone should consider his
body as a priceless gift from
one whom he loves above all, a
marvelous work of art, of
indescribable beauty, and
mystery beyond human conception, and so delicate that
a word, a breath, a look, nay, a
thought may injure it.”


~Nikola Tesla~

More Tesla Quotes here 


“It is not a dream, it is a simple feat of scientific electrical engineering, only expensive — blind, faint-hearted, doubting world! [...] Humanity is not yet sufficiently advanced to be willingly led by the discoverer's keen searching sense. But who knows? Perhaps it is better in this present world of ours that a revolutionary idea or invention instead of being helped and patted, be hampered and ill-treated in its adolescence — by want of means, by selfish interest, pedantry, stupidity and ignorance; that it be attacked and stifled; that it pass through bitter trials and tribulations, through the strife of commercial existence. So do we get our light. So all that was great in the past was ridiculed, condemned, combatted, suppressed — only to emerge all the more powerfully, all the more triumphantly from the struggle." – Nikola Tesla (at the end of his dream for Wardenclyffe)”
― Nikola Tesla, Problem of Increasing Human Energy 

http://thevelvetrocket.com/2010/03/17/nikola-teslas-wardenclyffe-tower-and-laboratory/

Wardenclyffe Tower, also known as the Tesla Tower, was an early wireless transmission station designed and built by Nikola Tesla in Shoreham, New York in 1901-1902. Wikipedia

One hundred years ago, the great scientist-inventor Nikola Tesla had high hopes for the success of Wardenclyffe and for humanity. His amazing power tower on Long Island, NY, aka a 'Magnifying Transmitter,' could tap into Earth's Electro-Magnetic fields.
 

The energy flow of a turning planet could be magnified, converted into electrical power and broadcasted to smaller (wireless) sub-stations many miles away. 

More on Tesla Tower here 


“What one man calls God, another calls the laws of physics.”  


“So astounding are the facts in this connection, that it would seem as though the Creator, himself had electrically designed this planet...”


“The gift of mental power comes from God, Divine Being, and if we concentrate our minds on that truth, we become in tune with this great power."


 "My brain is only a receiver, in the Universe there is a core from which we obtain knowledge, strength and inspiration. I have not penetrated into the secrets of this core, but I know that it exists."

~Nikola Tesla~